Buying Used Dell PowerEdge Servers: What to Look For
Used Dell PowerEdge servers are the backbone of the home lab community. When companies and data centers refresh their hardware, perfectly good servers get dumped onto the secondary market for a fraction of their original price. A server that cost $8,000 new sells for $150 used. The value proposition is absurd.
But not all used servers are worth buying. Some generations are too old and power-hungry. Some have compatibility issues with modern software. Some are so loud they'll get you evicted. This guide covers which models to target, what to check before buying, and how to avoid the common traps.
Understanding the Naming Convention
Dell PowerEdge names follow a pattern: R (rack mount) or T (tower), followed by a 3-digit number.
- First digit: CPU sockets (1-3 = single socket, 4-7 = dual socket, 8-9 = four socket)
- Second digit: Generation (2 = 12th gen, 3 = 13th gen, 4 = 14th gen, 5 = 15th gen, 6 = 16th gen)
- Third digit: Approximate tier/form factor
So a R730 is a rack-mounted, dual-socket, 13th-generation server. A T340 is a tower, single-socket, 14th-generation server.
For home labs, you'll mostly be looking at R-series (rack mount) and T-series (tower) servers. R-series are standard 19-inch rack width. T-series stand upright like a desktop PC and are usually quieter.
Which Generation to Target
12th Generation (Rx20 Series) — Budget Tier
Models: R320, R420, R520, R620, R720, R720xd, T320, T420, T620
- CPUs: Intel Xeon E5-2600 v1/v2 (Sandy Bridge / Ivy Bridge)
- RAM: DDR3 ECC (cheap, but higher power draw than DDR4)
- Typical eBay price: $50-150
- Power consumption: 100-250W idle (dual socket)
- Noise: Moderate to loud
The R720 is the most popular home lab server of all time, and for good reason. It's cheap, supports up to 768 GB of RAM, has 8 LFF (3.5") or 16 SFF (2.5") drive bays, and runs Proxmox/ESXi without issues. The R720xd adds even more drive bays (up to 26x 2.5").
The catch: DDR3 RAM and Sandy/Ivy Bridge Xeons are power-hungry by modern standards. A dual-socket R720 with two E5-2670 CPUs idles at 120-150W. That's $15-20/month in electricity at US average rates. The performance per watt is poor compared to newer generations.
Verdict: Only buy 12th gen if you're on a very tight budget and understand the power cost. Great for learning, bad for 24/7 operation.
13th Generation (Rx30 Series) — Sweet Spot
Models: R330, R430, R530, R630, R730, R730xd, T330, T430, T630
- CPUs: Intel Xeon E5-2600 v3/v4 (Haswell / Broadwell)
- RAM: DDR4 ECC
- Typical eBay price: $100-300
- Power consumption: 60-150W idle (dual socket)
- Noise: Moderate (fan mods possible)
The R730 and R730xd are the current sweet spot. DDR4 RAM is cheap, Haswell/Broadwell Xeons are significantly more efficient than Sandy Bridge, and these machines have years of useful life left. The R630 is the 1U version — same platform, smaller form factor, louder fans.
A well-configured R730 with dual E5-2680 v4 (28 cores / 56 threads total), 128 GB DDR4, and a RAID controller goes for $150-250 on eBay. That's a tremendous amount of compute for the money.
Verdict: Best value for most home labs. DDR4, reasonable power draw, wide software support, and prices keep dropping.
14th Generation (Rx40 Series) — Premium
Models: R340, R440, R540, R640, R740, R740xd, T340, T440, T640
- CPUs: Intel Xeon Scalable 1st/2nd gen (Skylake / Cascade Lake)
- RAM: DDR4 ECC (faster speeds)
- Typical eBay price: $200-600
- Power consumption: 50-120W idle (dual socket)
- Noise: Moderate
The 14th generation uses Intel's Xeon Scalable platform with higher core counts and better efficiency. The R740 supports up to 3 TB of RAM and modern NVMe storage out of the box. These machines are still under extended support from Dell.
Verdict: Worth it if you find a good deal, but the price premium over 13th gen is significant. Best for people who plan to run the server for 5+ years and care about power efficiency.
15th Generation (Rx50 Series) — Current
Models: R350, R450, R550, R650, R750, R750xs
- CPUs: Intel Xeon Scalable 3rd gen (Ice Lake)
- Typical eBay price: $400-1000+
- Power consumption: Lower than previous generations
Still relatively new and expensive on the used market. Check back in a year or two as lease returns start hitting.
What to Check Before Buying
iDRAC Version
Dell's iDRAC (Integrated Dell Remote Access Controller) is a baseboard management controller that lets you manage the server remotely — console access, power control, hardware monitoring, even mounting virtual media for OS installation.
- 12th gen: iDRAC 7
- 13th gen: iDRAC 8
- 14th gen: iDRAC 9
iDRAC Express is included on all servers. iDRAC Enterprise adds a dedicated NIC, virtual console, and virtual media. Enterprise is worth the $10-15 premium — the virtual console alone saves you from needing a monitor and keyboard.
RAID Controller
Most PowerEdge servers come with a PERC (PowerEdge RAID Controller). For home labs running ZFS, you typically want to put the controller in HBA mode (also called "IT mode" or "passthrough") so ZFS can manage the disks directly.
- PERC H310/H710: Can be flashed to IT mode. Common and well-documented.
- PERC H330/H730: Can be configured in HBA mode through the BIOS. No flashing needed.
- PERC H740: HBA mode supported natively.
If you plan to use hardware RAID instead, the H730 and H740 are solid controllers. But for ZFS, you want HBA mode.
Drive Bays
- LFF (Large Form Factor, 3.5"): For standard HDDs. Better for NAS/storage use. Typically 4, 8, or 12 bays.
- SFF (Small Form Factor, 2.5"): For SSDs or 2.5" HDDs. Higher density — up to 16 or 24 bays. More common in compute-focused configs.
Make sure the server comes with drive caddies (trays). Caddies are $3-5 each on eBay, but a server with 8 empty bays and no caddies adds $30-40 to the real cost.
Power Supplies
PowerEdge servers have redundant PSUs (two power supplies, server runs on one). Check that both PSUs are included and functional. Used PSUs are cheap ($15-25) if one needs replacing.
PSU wattage matters for power efficiency. Server PSUs are most efficient at 50% load. A 750W PSU at 150W load is less efficient than a 495W PSU at the same load. For a home lab server that idles at 80-120W, 495W PSUs are the sweet spot.
Memory Configuration
DDR4 ECC RAM is cheap. A 16 GB stick runs $8-15 on eBay. When buying a server, check the existing configuration:
- How many DIMMs are installed, and in which slots?
- Are they matched (same speed, same manufacturer)?
- What's the maximum the server supports?
Memory should be installed symmetrically across channels for best performance. Dell's documentation specifies the correct population order for each model.
Where to Buy
eBay
The primary marketplace for used servers. Tips:
- Filter by "Buy It Now" and sort by price + shipping. Many sellers offer free shipping on heavy items.
- Check the seller's feedback: Look for 99%+ positive with hundreds of reviews. Server sellers on eBay are typically high-volume refurbishers.
- Read the full listing: "Barebone" means no CPU, no RAM, no drives. "Configured" or "Custom" usually means you pick options. Make sure you know what's included.
- Make offers: Most eBay sellers accept "Best Offer." Offer 15-20% below asking — you'll be surprised how often it's accepted.
r/homelabsales
The subreddit r/homelabsales is a marketplace for home lab equipment. Prices are often better than eBay because there are no seller fees. Transactions use PayPal Goods & Services for buyer protection.
Local Options
- Electronics recyclers: Many cities have businesses that process corporate IT equipment. Walk in and browse — you might find exactly what you need.
- University surplus: Colleges sell off old lab equipment. Check university surplus sale websites.
- Facebook Marketplace / Craigslist: Occasionally great deals, but less reliable for servers specifically.
Refurbishers
Companies like TechMikeNY, Servermonkey, and SaveMyServer specialize in refurbished Dell servers. Prices are slightly higher than eBay, but you get better QA, warranties, and customer support. Worth considering if you want peace of mind.
Noise Management
Enterprise servers are designed for data center racks with forced airflow, not apartment bedrooms. The fans are small, high-RPM, and loud. A stock R720 at idle sounds like a quiet vacuum cleaner.
Noise management strategies:
- Buy a tower (T-series): T620, T630, T640 are significantly quieter than their rack-mounted siblings because they use larger, slower fans.
- Fan speed control: iDRAC lets you set custom fan speed profiles. Many home labbers set minimum fan speeds lower than Dell's defaults. Search for "Dell fan speed IPMI" scripts.
- Low-power CPUs: Fewer watts means less heat, which means slower fans. E5-2630 v4 (10 cores, 85W TDP) runs much cooler and quieter than E5-2699 v4 (22 cores, 145W TDP).
- Location: Put the server in a closet, basement, or garage. A closed door makes a huge difference.
# Example: Set Dell fans to manual mode and reduce speed via IPMI
# WARNING: Monitor temperatures after doing this
ipmitool -I lanplus -H <iDRAC-IP> -U root -P <password> \
raw 0x30 0x30 0x01 0x00 # Enable manual fan control
ipmitool -I lanplus -H <iDRAC-IP> -U root -P <password> \
raw 0x30 0x30 0x02 0xff 0x14 # Set all fans to 20% (0x14 hex = 20)
Total Cost of Ownership
The purchase price is just the beginning. Factor in:
| Cost | Estimate |
|---|---|
| Server (13th gen, dual socket, 128GB RAM) | $150-250 |
| Drive caddies (if missing) | $20-40 |
| HDDs/SSDs | $50-200 |
| Rails (optional, for rack mounting) | $30-50 |
| Power (100W idle, 24/7, $0.12/kWh) | ~$10.50/month |
| Year 1 total | $375-665 |
That electricity cost is why power efficiency matters. A 13th-gen server idling at 80W costs $7/month. A 12th-gen at 140W costs $12/month. Over 3 years, the newer server saves $180 in electricity — often more than the price difference.
Quick Recommendations
- Budget build ($100-150): Dell R720 or R730 with single Xeon, 64 GB RAM. Plenty for Proxmox + a dozen VMs.
- Sweet spot ($200-300): Dell R730 with dual E5-2680 v4, 128 GB DDR4. Serious compute for the price.
- Quiet build ($150-250): Dell T630 tower. Same internals as R730, much quieter.
- Storage focus ($200-350): Dell R730xd with 12x LFF bays. Perfect as a ZFS NAS.
- Low power ($200-400): Dell R640 with single Xeon Silver. Best idle watts in a rack form factor.
Used Dell PowerEdge servers are genuinely the best value in home lab hardware. Just go in with realistic expectations about noise and power, and you'll have enterprise-grade compute for less than the price of a nice dinner out.